Rifled barrel

ABSTRACT

A rifled barrel having splines. A projectile has at least one inner fin. A method to spin a projectile to render its shell and its fluid to spin at the approximately the same rate.

RELATED APPLICATION

The present application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Non-Provisional application Ser. No. 16/700,550, filed Dec. 2, 2019, titled “RIFLED BARREL” by David Alan Williams, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/773,500, filed Nov. 30, 2018, by David Alan Williams, and titled “RIFLED BARRE,” the entire disclosures of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE

This disclosure relates to a rifled barrel.

BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE

A gun barrel may be rifled to create rotation of the projectile being shot from a gun. Some gun barrels are rifled by providing spiral grooves in the gun barrel. According to the present disclosure, a gun barrel is rifled by providing spiral splines in the gun barrel. The traditional projectiles, like the projectiles of U.S. Patent Publication No. US20120199034A1, can be improved.

SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

The present disclosure includes a rifled bore. In one embodiment, the rifled bore includes a gun barrel and a plurality of splines.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a paintball marker having a gun barrel;

FIG. 2a is a slide elevation view of the gun barrel with a middle section broken away;

FIG. 2b is a cross-selection view of the gun barrel of FIG. 1 taken across the length of the gun barrel showing a plurality of spiral splines in the gun barrel;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the gun barrel of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the gun barrel of FIG. 1 taken across the width of the gun barrel showing eight splines;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 4 showing one of the splines;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a gun barrel similar to that shown in FIG. 1 taken across the width of the gun barrel showing four splines;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a gun barrel of FIG. 1 taken across the width of the gun barrel showing sixteen splines;

FIG. 8a shows a perspective view of a projectile;

FIG. 8b shows a side view of the projectile of FIG. 8 a;

FIG. 8c shows a top view of the torn-down projectile of FIG. 8a ; and

FIG. 8d shows a bottom view of the projectile of FIG. 8 a.

For the purposes of promoting an understanding of the principals of the disclosure, reference will now be made to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings, which are described below. The embodiments disclosed below are not intended to be exhaustive or limit the disclosure to the precise form disclosed in the following detailed description. Rather, the embodiments are chosen and described so that others skilled in the art may utilize their teachings. It will be understood that no limitation of the scope of the disclosure is thereby intended. The disclosure includes any alterations and further modifications in the illustrative devices and further applications of the principles of the disclosure which would normally occur to one skilled in the art to which the disclosure relates. Unless otherwise indicated, the components in the drawings are shown proportional to each other.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

As depicted in FIG. 1, paintball marker 100 includes a stock portion, a frame or chassis 104, a receiver 106, a barrel 10, a firing valve 110, 110′, and a magazine 112. The stock portion includes a stock frame shoulder abutment 120, a shoulder abutment adjuster 122, a facial abutment 126, and a facial abutment extension rods 130. The stock frame includes an attachment element 132 having an insert adapter 134 which is adapted to cooperate with stock receiving portion 148 of frame 104 to secure the stock portion with frame 104. Frame 104 is depicted including a frame body 140 and a handle 142. Frame body 140 defines a magazine receiving portion 144, a barrel receiving portion 146, a stock receiving portion 148, and a receiver receiving portion 150. Additional details of suitable paintball marker 100 are described in U.S. Pat. No. 9,574,844, to David A. Williams, titled “Paintball Marker with Interchangeable Firing Modes,” the entire disclosure of which is expressly incorporated by reference herein.

As shown in FIGS. 2b and 4-7, gun barrel 10 includes a plurality of spiral splines 12 extending between a first end 14 of gun barrel 10 and a second end 16 of gun barrel 10. First end 14 includes a plurality of external threads 18 to facilitate attachment of gun barrel 10 to receiver 106.

According to the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, gun barrel 10 is used to guide paintball projectiles 30 such as those described herein during firing of a paintball marker. Details of another suitable paintball projectile are provided in U.S. Pat. No. 8,875,634, to Gibson et al., titled “Aerodynamic Projectile,” the entire disclosure of which is expressly incorporated by reference herein. According to alternative embodiments, projectiles other than paintball projectiles may be fired from barrel 12, such as shotgun projectiles or other projectiles used in firearms, less than lethal, riot control, and border control applications. According to the preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, projectiles 30 are propelled with air suing a pressurized pneumatic system 152. Therefore, projectiles are devoid of a propellant, such as gunpowder.

As shown in FIG. 4, gun barrel 10 may have eight spiral splines 12. Gun barrel 10 has a length of about 20 inches, outside diameter of about 0.927 inches, inside diameter of about 0.685 inches, and a total interior circumference of about 2.158 inches. Referring to FIG. 5, each spline 12 has a height of about 0.004 inches and a tip 20 having a radius of about 0.005 inches. According to other embodiments, gun barrel 10 may include fewer or more splines 12, such as three, four (as shown in FIG. 6), five, six, ten, twelve, sixteen (as shown in FIG. 7), twenty, thirty, etc. splines 12.

Still referring to FIG. 5, sides 22 of spline 12 define an angle therebetween of about 90 degrees. Splines 12 are roughly the shape of an equilateral triangle with tip 20 being rounded. According to other embodiments, splines could be other shapes, such as square, half-circle, etc. Splines 12 preferably make one rotation every 18.75 inches in barrel 10. Other than splines 12, the bore of gun barrel 10 is substantially smooth. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, 6″, 8″, and 10″ long barrels are provided with a 1:18.75 twist ratio (i.e. 1 twist of ribs 12 over 18.75″ of linear travel). According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, 12″, 14″ and 16″ long barrels are provided with a 1:33 twist ratio (i.e. 1 twist of ribs 12 over 32″ of liner travel). According to yet another embodiment, a 20″ and 22″ long barrels are provided with a 1:48 twist ratio (i.e. 1 twist of ribs 12 over 48″ of linear travel). In each of these embodiments, less than one full twist of ribs 12 is provided in barrel 10. The 6″, 8″, and 10″ long barrels 10 have 0.32, 0.43, and 0.53 twists of ribs 12, respectively. The 12″, 14″, and 16″ long barrels have 0.36, 0.42, and 0.48 twists of ribs 12, respectively. The 20″ and 22″ long barrels 10 have 0.42 and 0.46 twists of ribs. 12. According to other embodiments, barrels may have 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7 twists of ribs 12.

Returning to FIG. 4, splines 12 occupy a relatively small portion of the inside surface area of the bore. When viewed in cross-section, the eight splines 12 of gun barrel 10 of FIG. 4 comprise a total of approximately 0.09 inches of the circumference and 0.11 inches of the contour, allowing for approximately 2.068 inches of exposed smooth bore, and yielding about 96% smooth bore surface area/counter to about 4% rib surface area. Further, referring to FIG. 6, the four splines 12 of gun barrel 10 of FIG. 6 comprise a total of approximately 0.045 inches of the circumference and 0.055 inches of contour, allowing for approximately 2.113 inches of exposed smooth bore, and yielding about 98% smooth bore surface area/contour to about 2% rifling surface. Further referring to FIG. 7, the sixteen splines 12 of gun barrel 10 of FIG. 7 comprise a total of approximately 0.18 inches, allowing for approximately 1.978 inches of exposed smooth bore, and yielding 90-91.6% smooth bore surface/contour to about 8.4-10% rifling surface/contour. According to other embodiments, splines occupy other percentages of the internal circumference or surface of the rifled bore, such as 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.5%, 0.75%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 1.75%, 3.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 7.5%, 15%, etc. Adjacent splines 12 cooperate to define a spline gap 24 therebetween having a gap width 26 that is greater than a base width 29 of bases 30 of adjacent splines 12.

Projectile 30 shown in FIG. 8a has a shell including a first shell 31 and a second shell 32 enclosing fluid 36, such as liquid or powered paint with or without in irritant, such as oleoresin capsicum, assembled together. Inner fins 34 protrudes into an inner space 36 of projectile 30, inner fins 34 are positioned adjacent to first shell 31. The location, number, and shape of inner fins 34 is not limited by the example shown in FIGS. 8a-d . Projectile 30 further includes outer fins 33 disposed on the outer surface of first shell 31. Outer fins 33 have a first edge 40 that is substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of projectile 30 and a second portion 41 that tapers inward toward the longitudinal axis.

First shell 31 has a substantial flat bottom wall 35, optionally in a hexagon shape, a substantially flat top wall 37, a conical first side wall 38, and second side wall 39 that transitions from being cylindrical near first wall 38 to hexagonal near flat bottom 35. Preferably, bottom wall 35, top wall 37, first side wall 38, and second side wall 39 are 0.012 inches thick and cooperative to define a closed hollow interior space that is devoid of fluid and preferable filled with air. The wall thickness of the shell of may be other thicknesses, such as approximately 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, or 0.04 inches. Conical first wall 36 tapers inward at about 16 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of projectile 30. According to alternative embodiments, conical first wall 36 tapers inward at other angles relative to the longitudinal axis of projectile 30, such as 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20 degrees.

First shell 31 and second shell 32 can be made of different kinds of material. Second shell 32 can be made of plastic, such as polystyrene, and first shell can also be made of plastic, such as polystyrene. Second shell 32 can be more flexible than the first shell 31.

During firing of a projectile 30, splines 12 cut into the outer, preferably plastic, shell of projectile providing grooves therein that match splines 12. As projectile 30 continues to travel down barrel 10, the cut grooves follow splines 12 and rotate projectile 30 along splines 12. As a result, when projectiles 30 leave barrel 10, they have an angular rotation. When fired, splines 12 cause the shell of projectile 30 to spin. Fluid 36 in projectile 30 is eventually caused to spin at approximately the same rate as that of the shell of projectile 30 as discussed below. The difference between the rotational rates of the shell and the fluid is between 30%, 20%, 15%, 10%, or 5%.

When initially accelerated, second shell 32 begins to rotate because of splines 12, but fluid 36 lags. As a result, fluid 36 rotates at a substantially different rate than second shell 32. Inner fins 34 push against fluid 36 increasing its rate of rotation so that its relative rate of rotation compared to the rate of rotation of second shell 32 decreases to the rates of rotation discussed herein.

The disclosure is not restricted exclusive to embodiments shown in FIGS. 1-8 d, but may be varied freely within the scope of the claims. The present disclosure may be embodied in other specific forms, and accordingly, reference should be made to the appended claims, rather than to the foregoing specification, as indicating the scope of the disclosure. Modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings. It is, therefore, to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the disclosure may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described in embodiments. 

I claim:
 1. A paintball marker including a gun stock, a gun barrel, and a pneumatic system for propelling a projectile through the gun barrel, the gun barrel having body defining a bore to receive projectiles and a plurality of rotating splines positioned in the bore to rotate projectiles travelling through the bore.
 2. The paintball marker of claim 1, wherein the plurality of splines comprises at least two splines.
 3. The paintball marker of claim 2, wherein the plurality of splines comprises at least four splines.
 4. The paintball marker of claim 3, wherein the plurality of splines comprises at least eight splines.
 5. The paintball marker of claim 1, wherein the plurality of splines have tip having a radius of 0.005 inches.
 6. The paintball marker of claim 1, wherein the plurality of splines have a height of 0.004 inches.
 7. The paintball marker of claim 1, the plurality of splines include a pair of sides that define an angle therebetween of about 90 degrees.
 8. The paintball marker of claim 1, wherein the twist rate of the plurality of splines is about one revolution per 18 to 48 inches of a length of travel of the gun barrel.
 9. The rifled bore of claim 1, the plurality of splines have about 0.3 to 0.6 twists in the bore.
 10. The paintball marker of claim 1, wherein the tips of the splines are convex.
 11. The paintball marker of claim 10, wherein the tips of the splines are rounded.
 12. The paintball marker of claim 1, wherein the plurality of splines include adjacent splines cooperating to define a gap therebetween, the gap having a gap width, at least one of the adjacent splines having a base with a base width less than the gap width.
 13. A method of firing a projectile having a shell enclosing fluid therein, comprising: firing the projectile with a barrel of the paintball marker of claim 1; and rotating the shell of the projectile and the fluid of the projectile at about the same rate.
 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the fluid rotates within about 30% of the rate of rotation of the shell.
 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the fluid rotates within about 15% of the rate of rotation of the shell.
 16. The method of claim 12, wherein the fluid is a powder.
 17. The method of claim 12, wherein the fluid is a liquid.
 18. A projectile including: a shell having, a front end having a hemispherical surface, a rear end positioned rearward of the front end, the front end having an exterior profile and the rear end having an exterior profile that is substantially different in shape to the front end; and an interior space having a top portion and a bottom portion; a fluid positioned in the interior space of the shell; and at least one fin extending into the fluid in the bottom portion of the interior space.
 19. The paintball marker projectile of claim 18, wherein the fluid is a liquid.
 20. The paintball marker projectile of claim 18, wherein the fluid is a powder. 